新型CART疗效有望攻克胶质母细胞瘤

胶质母细胞瘤是成人最常见的恶性脑肿瘤。

glioblastoma is the most common kind of malignant brain tumor in adults.

到目前为止，还没有任何治疗方法能够使这种侵袭性肿瘤永久消失。

So far, no treatment has been able to make this aggressive tumor permanently disappear.

巴塞尔大学和巴塞尔大学医院的研究人员现在开发出一种免疫疗法，不仅可以攻击肿瘤，还可以通过改变肿瘤的微环境来对抗肿瘤。

Researchers at the University of Basel and University Hospital Basel have now developed an Immunotherapy that not only attacks the tumor—it also turns its microenvironment against it.

几年来，CAR -T细胞为抗癌免疫疗法带来了新的动力。

For some years now, CAR T-cells have been bringing new momentum to immunotherapies against cancer.

这种方法在治疗某些类型的白血病方面已经非常成功。

This method has already been very successful in some forms of leukemia.

但是实体瘤，尤其是脑瘤阻碍了CAR -T细胞的存在。

But solid tumors and especially brain tumors present obstacles to the success of CAR T-cells.

首先，细胞很难进入肿瘤内部。

First, it's difficult for the cancer hunters to get inside a tumor.

其次，并非所有癌细胞都具有T细胞可以识别和攻击的靶点。

Second, not all the cancer cells necessarily have the structure the T-cells can recognize and attack.

第三，人体组织中的实体瘤有一个微环境，可以抵御免疫系统的攻击。

And third, solid tumors in human tissue have a microenvironment that fends off immune system attacks.

Hutter的团队开发的CAR -T细胞有一个旨在改变微环境的额外功能。

The CAR T-cells developed by Hutter's team have an extra feature aimed at altering the microenvironment.

一旦植入的分子阻止了这些肿瘤信号，巨噬细胞和小胶质细胞就可以支持CAR -T细胞攻击胶质母细胞瘤——甚至攻击缺乏特定识别结构的癌细胞。

Once the implanted molecule stops these tumor signals, macrophages and microglia can support the CAR T-cells in their attack on the glioblastoma— even on cancer cells that lack the specific recognized structure.

研究人员在小鼠身上植入人类胶质母细胞瘤细胞的试验表明这种治疗非常成功。

Trials with mice in whom the researchers implanted human glioblastoma cells have already shown that the treatment is very successful.

CAR -T细胞能够清除所有的癌细胞。

The CAR T-cells were able to get rid of all of the cancer cells.

研究组还对淋巴癌淋巴瘤进行了试验。

The research team also tested the method against lymphoma, which is cancer of the lymphatic system.

在这些试验中，这种治疗方法也显得很有希望。

The treatment also appeared promising in these tests.

下一步，Hutter和他的团队希望在第一次临床研究中为患者提供治疗，以测试其有效性和安全性。

As their next step, Hutter and his team want to offer the treatment to patients in a first clinical study to test its effectiveness and safety.

Original publication

Tomás A. Martins, Deniz Kaymak, Nazanin Tatari, Fiona Gerster, Sabrina Hogan, Marie-Françoise Ritz, Valerio Sabatino, Ronja Wieboldt, Ewelina M. Bartoszek, ... Luigi Mariani, Raphael Guzman, Berend Snijder, Tobias Weiss, Heinz Läubli, Gregor Hutter; "Enhancing anti-EGFRvIII CAR T cell therapy against glioblastoma with a paracrine SIRPγ-derived CD47 blocker"; Nature Communications, Volume 15, 2024-11-9